Balanced Leadership: What 30 Years of Research Tells Us about the Effect of Leadership on Student Achievement.

31 Tim Waters Robert Marzano Brian McNulty 2003 Balanced Leadership: What 30 Years of Research Tells Us about the Effect of Leadership on Student Achievement. Researchers at Mid-continent Research for Education and Learning (McREL) have reviewed more than 5000 studies on educational leadership and uncovered 70 that statistically examined the relationship between effective school leaders and student achievement. Based on their meta-analysis, they've determined that, for an average school, having an effective leader can mean the difference between scoring at the 50th percentile on a given achievement test and achieving a score 10 percentile points higher. The study also identified 21 leadership characteristics that seemed to be linked to changes in students' test scores. The strongest of those was "situational awareness," which the study defines as the extent to which the leader is savvy about the details and undercurrents in the running of the school and uses that information to address problems. Download "Balanced Leadership: What 30 Years of Research Tells Us About the Effect of Leadership on Student Achievement" at the link above. (228k PDF file) Citation: Waters, T. & Marzano, R. & McNulty, B. (2003). Balanced Leadership: What 30 Years of Research Tells Us about the Effect of Leadership on Student Achievement. Retrieved June , 2007, from McREL. Web site: http://www.mcrel.org/PDF/LeadershipOrganizationDevelopment/5031RR_BalancedLeadership.pdf.<o:p></o:p><o:p></o:p>Â http://www.mcrel.org/PDF/LeadershipOrganizationDevelopment/5031RR_BalancedLeadership.pdf